Tsar (; also spelled czar, tzar, or csar; Bulgarian: цар, romanized: tsar; Russian: царь, romanized: tsar'; Serbian: цар, car) is a title historically used by some Slavic monarchs. The term is derived from the Latin word caesar, which was intended to mean emperor in the European medieval sense of the term—a ruler with the same rank as a Roman emperor, holding it by the approval of another emperor or a supreme ecclesiastical official—but was usually considered by Western Europeans to be equivalent to "king".
Tsar and its variants were the official titles in the First Bulgarian Empire (681–1018), Second Bulgarian Empire (1185–1396), the Kingdom of Bulgaria (1908–1946), the Serbian Empire (1346–1371), and the Tsardom of Russia (1547–1721).
The first ruler to adopt the title tsar was Simeon I ...
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Car Simeon Bulharsky - Alfons Mucha.jpg
Emperor by Ivan Makarov.jpg
Государь император
Heraldic Imperial Crown (Gules Mitre).svg
Heraldic Imperial Crown with a Gules (red) mitre, the most precise design.
Heraldic Royal Crown (Common).svg
Serbian Emperor Stefan Dušan, cropped.jpg
Detail of fresco depicting Serbian Emperor Stefan Dušan. Painted in the mid-14th century. Restorated...
Simeon II of Bulgaria.jpg
Simeon Borisov of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, last Tsar of Bulgaria and Prime Minister of Bulgaria (in of...
The inscription of Mostich.JPG
Redrawing of the epitaph of Mostich, Chărgubilya during the reigns of the Bulgarian Tsars Symeon I o...
Tsar Nicholas II -1898.jpg
Photo taken by A. A. Pasetti of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, near age 30, at St. Petersburg, Russia, ...
A coloured voting box.svg
Paja Jovanović-Krunisanje Cara Dušana.jpg
Krunisanje cara Dušana (Coronation of Tsar Dušan) by Paja Jovanović. 390x589 cm. Restorated, later v...